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32 of 36 people found the following review helpful.
Two Wrongs Don't Make a Rite
By Arturo de Hoyos
Every now and then you hear about a book you just have to read. My traditional Latter-day Saint upbringing fostered an abiding interest in Mormon history. Thus, I gratefully accepted an offer from Wendy Lochner, the Columbia University Press editor who sponsored Clyde Forsberg's book, to review a prepublication copy.
My excitement turned to disappointment. Dr. Forsberg's confused views of Mormonism (founded 1830) and Freemasonry do disservice to both. For example, he asserted that the Scottish Rite's philosophy was "the inspiration for the Book of Mormon and the rationale of the Mormon faith." He supported this view by referencing Morals and Dogma (which actually expresses the post-1857 philosophical meanderings of Albert Pike). Forsberg did not understand that post-1830 sources do not necessarily reflect earlier Masonic ideas.
Dr. Forsberg's errors were rampant. He claimed that Mormon founder Joseph Smith Jr. was a 33° Mason (he was not), that there is no reference to Hiram Abif in the Hebrew Bible (there is, in 2 Chronicles 4:16, "_ganash huram abiv la-melech shlomoh_"), that there were three Degrees in Masonry in 1717 (there were two), that the Chevalier Ramsey invented a system which included the Royal Arch Degree and a "fanciful tale of Enoch's Golden plates." All this is wrong.
He also claimed Benjamin Franklin abandoned Freemasonry and its "macabre business of secret suicide pacts." In fact, Franklin was an active Mason from about 1730/31 (when he joined Old Tun Tavern Lodge) to the end of his life, and there are no such "suicide pacts." Forsberg called the Scottish Rite "a decidedly Christian application" (it isn't), and asserted there are "religious tests" in Freemasonry, which include a belief in the "resurrection...of Hiram Abiff" (both are untrue).
Dr. Forsberg's occasional sarcasm is forgivable, and even amusing. However, it does his book no service when he suggested that Freemasons are awaiting the discovery of documents to testify to the truth of allegorical legends. In another place, while discussing the Knights Templar, he wrote, "...according to the Masons...." Sadly, the reference is to a book almost universally dismissed by serious Masonic scholars.
In a prepublication conversation, Dr. Forsberg admitted to me that he didn't have any authentic pre-1830 Scottish Rite documents or rituals to support his opinions.
I informed Ms. Lochner that I read the prepublication copy cover-to-cover. I expressed my dismay with the book, stating that I was not *at all* persuaded by its arguments, as they revealed a fundamental misunderstanding of Freemasonry's history, rituals, and purposes. Dr. Forsberg's superimposed (and seriously flawed) views subsequently do disservice to both Mormonism and Freemasonry. In brief, I have *no confidence* in Dr. Forsberg's "thesis."
After receiving a copy of the published book, I was further disappointed to discover that he "corrected" the errors I observed above by simply altering the book on a point-by-point basis. This was inadequate and the book remains fundamentally flawed; it cannot be fixed with a masking-tape approach. My advice is to save your money.
Arturo de Hoyos, 33°
Grand Archivist and Grand Historian
The Supreme Council, 33°, S.J.
Washington, DC
6 of 8 people found the following review helpful.
A Craftily-Written Shipwreck
By J. Seawright
Forsberg's book advances the thesis that Mormonism is a reformist Masonic movement, intended to reverse the tide of evangelical Christian advances in early American society. In the service of this thesis, Forsberg offers a reading of the Book of Mormon that downplays the seeming parallels to evangelical religion within the book's narrative and theology -- and that also disregards texts that seem anti-Masonic in nature. Forsberg further posits a version of early Mormon history in which Joseph Smith had a grand design, including a vision of Nauvoo temple ritual as developed in 1843 and 1844, from the very beginning of the Book of Mormon project in the late 1820s.
Forsberg's prose is often pleasant and well-crafted, making clever use of puns and wordplay. Unfortunately, the argument is not equally well-designed. Does it matter to Forsberg that the primary sources reveal no evidence of the hypothesized careful advance planning of theology and ordinance on Joseph Smith's part? Does Forsberg care that primary sources show no evidence that early Mormon converts read the Book of Mormon as a Masonic text, as his argument requires? Does Forsberg find it relevant that primary sources indicate that at least some readers in the 1830s saw the Book of Mormon as actively anti-Masonic? Evidently not. After all, why should a historical study allow something as trivial as primary-source evidence to get in the way of a good (conspiracy) theory?
Readers interested in questions about early Mormonism and its relationships with other early-19th-century American movements would be better served by Mark D. Thomas's work in the journal Dialogue on parallels between evangelical revivalism and the Book of Mormon, Richard L. Bushman's two books about Joseph Smith and early Mormonism, or D. Michael Quinn's Early Mormonism and the Magic World View.
4 of 6 people found the following review helpful.No one takes this book seriously
By I am the
This book exhibits deep flaws and methodological failings. The author advances his argument--that Mormonism is some sort of Christian/Masonic populist movement--through speculation, a dubious and selective reading of historical sources, and "cherry-picked" parallels. I have no idea how this work made it through the peer review process at Columbia University press, although Forsberg mentions that one of the reviewers was John Brooke, whose own speculative work on Mormon origins has come under fire. Still, at least Brooke's speculations were interesting and consistent with existing literature. By contast, Forsberg's "examples as evidence" approach will convince no one (LDS or otherwise) who knows Mormon history. This book should not have been published, least of all by a press like Columbia.
Product Description
Both the Prophet Joseph Smith and his Book of Mormon have been characterized as ardently, indeed evangelically, anti-Masonic. Yet in this sweeping social, cultural, and religious history of nineteenth-century Mormonism and its milieu, Clyde Forsberg argues that masonry, like evangelical Christianity, was an essential component of Smith's vision. Smith's ability to imaginatively conjoin the two into a powerful and evocative defense of Christian, or Primitive, Freemasonry was, Forsberg shows, more than anything else responsible for the meteoric rise of Mormonism in the nineteenth century.
This was to have significant repercussions for the development of Mormonism, particularly in the articulation of specifically Mormon gender roles. Mormonism's unique contribution to the Masonic tradition was its inclusion of women as active and equal participants in Masonic rituals. Early Mormon dreams of empire in the Book of Mormon were motivated by a strong desire to end social and racial discord, lest the country fall into the grips of civil war. Forsberg demonstrates that by seeking to bring women into previously male-exclusive ceremonies, Mormonism offered an alternative to the male-dominated sphere of the Master Mason. By taking a median and mediating position between Masonry and Evangelicism, Mormonism positioned itself as a religion of the people, going on to become a world religion.
But the original intent of the Book of Mormon gave way as Mormonism moved west, and the temple and polygamy (indeed, the quest for empire) became more prevalent. The murder of Smith by Masonic vigilantes and the move to Utah coincided with a new imperialism -- and a new polygamy. Forsberg argues that Masonic artifacts from Smith's life reveal important clues to the precise nature of his early Masonic thought that include no less than a vision of redemption and racial concord.
Product Details
- Amazon Sales Rank: #2670555 in Books
- Published on: 2003-01-15
- Original language:English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.06" h x6.30" w x.98" l,1.28 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 256 pages
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